The Fragile Internet: How Small Failures Trigger Global Outages

The modern internet, though vast and advanced, remains surprisingly delicate. A minor technical fault or human error can disrupt millions of users worldwide, revealing how dependent our lives have become on digital systems.

On October 20, 2025, a technical error in a database service operated by Amazon Web Services (AWS) caused widespread outages across several online platforms. AWS, one of the largest cloud computing providers globally, hosts the infrastructure behind thousands of popular websites and apps. As a result, users found services such as Roblox, Fortnite, Pokémon Go, Snapchat, Slack, and multiple banking platforms temporarily inaccessible. The incident showed how a single malfunction in a key cloud system can paralyze numerous organizations at once.

Such disruptions are not new. In July 2024, a faulty software update from cybersecurity company CrowdStrike crashed around 8.5 million Windows computers globally, producing the infamous “blue screen of death.” Airlines had to cancel tens of thousands of flights, hospitals postponed surgeries, and emergency services across the United States faced interruptions. Businesses reverted to manual operations, with some even switching to cash transactions. The event became a global lesson in how a single rushed software update can cripple essential infrastructure.

History provides many similar warnings. In 1997, a technical glitch at Network Solutions Inc., a maj

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