Israel Iran Crisis Fuels Surge in State Backed Cyberattacks

As Israeli and Iranian forces engaged in a conventional military exchange on June 13, 2025, the conflict has rapidly escalated into a far more complex and multi-faceted conflict that is increasingly involving a slew of coordinated cyberattacks against a broad variety of targets, all of which have been initiated in response to this conventional military exchange.

In response to Israeli airstrikes targeting Iranian nuclear and military installations, followed by Iranian retaliatory missile barrages, the outbreak began in a matter of days and has quickly spread beyond the country’s borders. Both nations have long maintained a hostile and active presence in cyberspace. 

There has been a growing tension between Israel and Iran since kinetic fighting began in the region. Both countries are internationally known for their advanced cyber capability. In the days since the start of the kinetic fighting, several digital actors have emerged, from state-affiliated hackers to nationalist hacktivists to disinformation networks to opportunistic cybercriminals. They have all contributed to the rapidly developing threat environment that is unfolding. 

This report provides an overview of the cyber dimension of the conflict, highlighting key incidents, emerging malware campaigns, and the strategic implications of this growing cyberspace. A response to the increasing geopolitica

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