A prompt injection occurs when hackers embed secret instructions inside what looks like an ordinary input. The AI can’t tell the difference between developer-given rules and user input, so it processes everything as one continuous prompt. This loophole lets attackers trick the model into following their commands — stealing data, installing malware, or even hijacking smart home devices.
Security experts warn that these malicious instructions can be hidden in everyday digital spaces — web pages, calendar invites, PDFs, or even emails. Attackers disguise their prompts using invisible Unicode characters, white text on white backgrounds, or zero-sized fonts. The AI then reads and executes these hidden commands without realizing they are malicious — and the user remains completely unaware that an attack has occurred.
For instance, a company might upload a market research report for analysis, unaware that the file secretly contains instructions to share confidential pricing data. The AI dutifully completes both tasks, leaking sensitive information without flagging any issue.
In another chilling example from the Black Hat security conference, hidden prompts in calendar invites caused AI systems to t
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