Every email authentication control you deploy is a DNS record. Not "backed by" DNS, not "uses" DNS. It is a DNS record, and when email security breaks, it almost always breaks at the DNS layer, not the protocol layer.
That reframing is worth more than it sounds. Teams burn hours reasoning about DMARC policy semantics when the real problem is a DKIM key that got split across two TXT strings incorrectly, or an SPF record that quietly blew past its lookup budget. If you treat email auth as a set of protocols, you debug at the wrong altitude. Treat it as DNS hygiene, and the failures get obvious.
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