500GB Leak Marks Largest Exposure of Great Firewall’s Internal Operations

There has been a significant breach of one of the world’s most sophisticated censorship systems, the Great Firewall, which is considered one of the most tightly controlled systems. This breach has led to the largest data leak to date for China’s Great Firewall. 

Geedge Networks, a company directly responsible for developing and operating China’s internet control infrastructure, released a massive amount of data on September 11, 2025, that included 500 gigabytes of internal files and over 100,000 confidential documents.

In the cache, detailed blueprints of the DPI and filtering technologies which underpin Beijing’s digital censorship regime are available. 

As a result of these leaked records, it is clear that not only has the tool been exported and sold to at least four authoritarian governments outside of China, but it has also been used to police information flows in China.

It is revealing in a way that no previous insight was available into the inner workings of the Great Firewall, and it raises urgent questions regarding the global spread of surveillance and censorship technologies sponsored by states. 

GFW Report’s researchers have found that the trove contains dozens of internal records, including proposals, research papers, and operational logs, as well as source code and RPM packages that were used in developing the filtering infrastructure.

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