Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. What a week to pick to be in Canberra. Planned well before things got cyber-crazy in Australia, I spent…
Tag: Troy Hunt’s Blog
The Have I Been Pwned API Now Has Different Rate Limits and Annual Billing
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. A couple of weeks ago I wrote about some big changes afoot for Have I Been Pwned (HIBP), namely…
Weekly Update 320
Presently sponsored by: Kolide is a fleet visibility solution for Mac, Windows, and Linux that can help you securely scale your business. Learn more here. I feel like life is finally complete: I have beaches, sunshine and fast internet! (Yes,…
Better Supporting the Have I Been Pwned API with Zendesk
Presently sponsored by: Kolide is a fleet visibility solution for Mac, Windows, and Linux that can help you securely scale your business. Learn more here. I've been investing a heap of time into Have I Been Pwned (HIBP) lately, ranging…
Big Changes are Afoot: Expanding and Enhancing the Have I Been Pwned API
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. Just over 3 years ago now, I sat down at a makeshift desk (ok, so it was a kitchen…
Weekly Update 319
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. Geez we've been getting hammered down here: Optus, MyDeal, Vinomofo, Medibank and now Australian Clinical Labs. It's crazy how…
Big Changes are Afoot: Expanding and Enhancing the Have I Been Pwned API
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. Just over 3 years ago now, I sat down at a makeshift desk (ok, so it was a kitchen…
Weekly Update 318
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. Aussie breachapalooza! That what it feels like this week between Optus (ok, it was weeks ago but it's still…
Weekly Update 318
Presently sponsored by: EPAS by Detack. No EPAS protected password has ever been cracked and won’t be found in any leaks. Give it a try, millions of users use it. Aussie breachapalooza! That what it feels like this week between…
Weekly Update 317
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. I decided to do something a bit different this week and mostly just answer questions from my talk at…
Weekly Update 316
Presently sponsored by: Kolide can help you nail third-party audits and internal compliance goals with endpoint security for your entire fleet. Learn more here. Geez it's nice to be home 😊 It's nice to live in a home that makes…
Weekly Update 315
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. How's this weeks video for a view?! It's a stunning location here in Bali and it's just been the…
Weekly Update 314
Presently sponsored by: SecAlerts vulnerability awareness: Receive CVE & zero-day alerts, news & version updates all matched to your software. Discount code within! Wow, what a week! Of course there's lots of cyber / tech stuff in this week's update,…
Weekly Update 313
Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. I came so close to skipping this week's video. I'm surrounded by family, friends and my amazing wife to…
Weekly Update 312
Presently sponsored by: Kolide believes that maintaining endpoint security shouldn’t mean compromising employee privacy. Check out our manifesto: Honest Security. I'm so excited to see the book finally out and awesome feedback coming in, but I'm disappointed with this week's…
“Pwned”, the Book, is Finally Here!
Presently sponsored by: Kolide believes that maintaining endpoint security shouldn’t mean compromising employee privacy. Check out our manifesto: Honest Security. The first time I ever wrote publicly about a company's security vulnerabilities, my boss came to have a word with…
Weekly Update 311
Presently sponsored by: Kolide is an endpoint security solution for teams that want to meet SOC2 compliance goals without sacrificing privacy. Learn more here. Well, after a crazy amount of work, a lot of edits, reflection, and feedback cycles, "Pwned"…
Weekly Update 310
Presently sponsored by: Kolide is a fleet visibility solution for Mac, Windows, and Linux that can help you securely scale your business. Learn more here. By all accounts, this was one of the best weekly updates ever courtesy of a…
Weekly Update 309
Presently sponsored by: Kolide can help you nail third-party audits and internal compliance goals with endpoint security for your entire fleet. Learn more here. Right off the back of a visit to our wedding venue (4 weeks and counting!) and…
Weekly Update 308
Presently sponsored by: Kolide believes that maintaining endpoint security shouldn’t mean compromising employee privacy. Check out our manifesto: Honest Security. It was all a bit last minute today after travel, office works and then a quick rebuild of desk and…
Weekly Update 307
Presently sponsored by: Cloudflare. Speed up and protect your apps, APIs and websites with the world’s fastest DNS. Add CDN, SSL, WAF, bot management and much more. A very early weekly update this time after an especially hectic week. The…
Sending Spammers to Password Purgatory with Microsoft Power Automate and Cloudflare Workers KV
Presently sponsored by: Cloudflare. Used by businesses small and large to protect and accelerate their web properties. Try DNS, DDoS protection and SSL for free. How best to punish spammers? I give this topic a lot of thought because I…
Weekly Update 306
Presently sponsored by: Kolide is an endpoint security solution for teams that want to meet SOC2 compliance goals without sacrificing privacy. Learn more here. I didn't intend for a bunch of this week's vid to be COVID related, but between…
Weekly Update 303
Presently sponsored by: CrowdSec – The open-source & collaborative security stack: respond to attacks & share signals across the community. Download it for free And we're finally done with this trip. 26 days, 14 different accommodations, 5,146km of driving through…
MVP Award 12
Presently sponsored by: CrowdSec – The open-source & collaborative security stack: respond to attacks & share signals across the community. Download it for free 11 years now, wow 😲 It's actually 11 and a bit because it was April Fool's…
Welcoming the Polish Government to Have I Been Pwned
Presently sponsored by: CrowdSec – The open-source & collaborative security stack: respond to attacks & share signals across the community. Download it for free Continuing the rollout of Have I Been Pwned (HIBP) to national governments around the world, today…
Weekly Update 302
Presently sponsored by: Detack. Detect & prevent weak, leaked, shared passwords with EPAS, a patented, privacy compliant solution used in 40 countries. Try it free! In a complete departure from the norm, this week's video is the much-requested "cultural differences"…
Understanding Have I Been Pwned’s Use of SHA-1 and k-Anonymity
Presently sponsored by: Detack. Detect & prevent weak, leaked, shared passwords with EPAS, a patented, privacy compliant solution used in 40 countries. Try it free! Four and a half years ago now, I rolled out version 2 of HIBP's Pwned…
Weekly Update 301
Presently sponsored by: Varonis for Salesforce. Protect Salesforce data from overexposure and cyberthreats. Try it free! First up, I'm really sorry about the audio quality on this one. It's the exact same setup I used last week (and carefully tested…
Weekly Update 300
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Meet compliance objectives in a remote-first world without resorting to rigid device management. Try Kolide for 14-days free! Well, we're about 2,000km down on this trip and are…
Weekly Update 299
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis for Salesforce. Detect suspicious behavior and strengthen your Salesforce security posture. Try it free! How on earth does an enterprise rack-mounted NAS not come with rails to…
Welcoming the Indonesian Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis for Salesforce. Detect suspicious behavior and strengthen your Salesforce security posture. Try it free! Four years ago now, I started making domains belonging to various governments around…
Welcoming the Indonesian Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis for Salesforce. Detect suspicious behavior and strengthen your Salesforce security posture. Try it free! Four years ago now, I started making domains belonging to various governments around…
Weekly Update 298
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide enables cross-platform fleet visibility for your Linux, Mac, and Windows devices. Start your free 14-day trial today! I somehow ended up blasting through an hour and a…
Weekly Update 297
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis for Salesforce. Protect Salesforce data from overexposure and cyberthreats. Try it free! So I basically spent my whole day yesterday playing with Ubiquiti gear and live-tweeting the…
Weekly Update 296
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide provides endpoint security for teams that value privacy, transparency, and employee productivity. Try Kolide for free today! Data breaches, 3D printing and passwords – just the usual…
Downloading Pwned Passwords Hashes with the HIBP Downloader
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide provides endpoint security for teams that value privacy, transparency, and employee productivity. Try Kolide for free today! Just before Christmas, the promise to launch a fully open…
Weekly Update 295
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis for Salesforce. Detect suspicious behavior and strengthen your Salesforce security posture. Try it free! A short one this week as the previous 7 days disappeared with AusCERT…
Weekly Update 294
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Got Slack? Got Macs? Get Kolide: Device security that fixes challenging problems by messaging users on Slack. Try Kolide for 14 days free. It's back to business as…
Weekly Update 293
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Got Slack? Got Macs? Get Kolide: Device security that fixes challenging problems by messaging users on Slack. Try Kolide for 14 days free. Didn't get a lot done…
Weekly Update 292
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis for Salesforce. Protect Salesforce data from overexposure and cyberthreats. Try it free! Well that was an unusual ending. Both my mouse and keyboard decided to drop off…
Weekly Update 289
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Detack. Detect & prevent weak, leaked, shared passwords with EPAS, a patented, privacy compliant solution used in 40 countries. Try it free! Everyone just came for the Ubiquiti…
Welcoming the Bulgarian Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Detack. Detect & prevent weak, leaked, shared passwords with EPAS, a patented, privacy compliant solution used in 40 countries. Try it free! Data breaches impact us all as…
Weekly Update 288
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! Wow, what a day yesterday! I mentioned at the start of this week's…
Welcoming the Italian Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! For the last 4 years, I've been providing API-level access to national government…
Welcoming the Italian Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! For the last 4 years, I've been providing API-level access to national government…
Weekly Update 287
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: CrowdSec – The open-source & collaborative IPS: respond to attacks & share signals across the community. Download it for free. So the plan was to schedule this week's…
Setting the Bar for Government Access to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! Over the last 4 years, I've onboarded 28 national government CERTs onto Have…
Weekly Update 286
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! Somehow this week ended up being all about Russia and Cloudflare. Mostly as…
Building Password Purgatory with Cloudflare Pages and Workers
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! I have lots of little ideas for various pet projects, most of which…
Weekly Update 285
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: CrowdSec – Check out our CTI Console, monitor attacks on your network, mitigate them and get intelligence on attackers. Sign up for free. With travel now behind me,…
Weekly Update 284
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! A little late this week as the tail end of travel bites into…
Weekly Update 284
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! A little late this week as the tail end of travel bites into…
I Wanna Go Fast: How Many Pwned Password Queries Can You Make Per Second?
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! I feel the need, the need for speed. Faster, Faster, until the thrill…
Weekly Update 283
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! A super quick intro this week as I take a bit of time…
Welcoming the New Zealand Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! Continuing the march forward to provide governments with better access to their departments'…
How Everything We’re Told About Website Identity Assurance is Wrong
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your ransomware blast radius with the leader in data-first security. Try it free! I have a vehement dislike for misleading advertising. We see it every day;…
Weekly Update 282
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Fastmail. Check out Masked Email, built with 1Password. One click gets you a unique email address for every online signup. Try it now! Just listening back to this…
Weekly Update 281
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide enables cross-platform fleet visibility for your Linux, Mac, and Windows devices. Start your free 14-day trial today! I feel like perfect audio remains an unsolved problem for…
Weekly Update 280
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Meet compliance objectives in a remote-first world without resorting to rigid device management. Try Kolide for 14-days free! Well, true to my opening dialogue, this was a monotopical…
How I Got Pwned by My Cloud Costs
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Meet compliance objectives in a remote-first world without resorting to rigid device management. Try Kolide for 14-days free! I have been, and still remain, a massive proponent of…
How I Got Pwned by My Cloud Costs
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Meet compliance objectives in a remote-first world without resorting to rigid device management. Try Kolide for 14-days free! I have been, and still remain, a massive proponent of…
Weekly Update 279
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide provides endpoint security for teams that value privacy, transparency, and employee productivity. Try Kolide for free today! It's mostly breaches this week and that's mostly business as…
Weekly Update 278
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Got Slack? Got Macs? Get Kolide: Device security that fixes challenging problems by messaging your users on Slack. Try Kolide Today! I recorded this a week after Charlotte…
Weekly Update 277
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Meet compliance objectives in a remote-first world without resorting to rigid device management. Try Kolide for 14-days free! Well that all changed very quickly. One week ago, I…
Weekly Update 276
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide enables cross-platform fleet visibility for your Linux, Mac, and Windows devices. Start your free 14-day trial today! 2021 Dumpster fire? Harsh, but fair and I shall keep…
Weekly Update 275
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide provides endpoint security for teams that value privacy, transparency, and employee productivity. Try Kolide for free today! I'd say this is probably the most epic scene I've…
Open Source Pwned Passwords with FBI Feed and 225M New NCA Passwords is Now Live!
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Kolide provides endpoint security for teams that value privacy, transparency, and employee productivity. Try Kolide for free today! In the last month, there were 1,260,000,000 occasions where a…
Weekly Update 274
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Got Slack? Got Macs? Get Kolide: Device security that fixes challenging problems by messaging your users on Slack. Try Kolide Today! As I start out by saying this…
When is a Scrape a Breach?
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Got Slack? Got Macs? Get Kolide: Device security that fixes challenging problems by messaging your users on Slack. Try Kolide Today! A decade and a bit ago during…
Weekly Update 273
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online Geez, I'm a bit orange today! I think mucking around with the (excepti0nally cool!)…
A Password Manager Isn’t Just for Christmas, It’s for Life (So Here’s 50% Off!)
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online I was having a coffee with a good mate the other day. He's not…
A Password Manager Isn’t Just for Christmas, It’s for Life (So Here’s 50% Off!)
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online I was having a coffee with a good mate the other day. He's not…
Weekly Update 272
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online Check out that lighting! The Elgato Key Lights have made a massive difference and…
Weekly Update 271
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online It's been a busy week with lots of little bits and pieces demanding my…
Weekly Update 270
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Redgate’s SQL Monitor: always understand the health of your SQL Server estate and avoid potential issues before they impact your business. I'm outdoors! I've really wanted to get…
Merry #pwnedmas!
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Redgate’s SQL Monitor: always understand the health of your SQL Server estate and avoid potential issues before they impact your business. Like most of my good ideas, this…
Weekly Update 269
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online Where does the time go? The video is an hour and 35 mins today,…
Beg Bounties
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online When someone passed me hundreds of thousands of records on kids taken from CloudPets…
Beg Bounties
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online When someone passed me hundreds of thousands of records on kids taken from CloudPets…
Weekly Update 268
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. Where does the time go? Feels like not a lot…
Weekly Update 267
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: VMware Now this office is starting to look good! New wallpaper is in and brackets for the shelf are ready, just waiting for it to be made and…
Weekly Update 266
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: VMware Well this is a totally different office view! I'm properly getting into working more on the acoustics and aesthetics to make this the most productive environment possible…
Pwned – The Collected Blog Posts of Troy Hunt (Preview)
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: VMware We choose this photo for the cover because this was when it all started. 18-year old Troy, having just discovered the web in early 1995 and chomping…
Weekly Update 265
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Axonius provides an always up-to-date asset inventory, helping IT and security uncover gaps and automate action. Learn more and try it free. I had a bunch of false…
Weekly Update 264
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online A lot of cyber things this week: loads of data breach (or "scrape", In…
Weekly Update 263
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online Lots of little bits and pieces this week in a later and shorter than…
Weekly Update 262
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Boxcryptor cloud security: Free end-to-end encryption for your files. Check out the seamless encryption solution, Made in Germany! 5 years of weekly updates, wow. It's not like anything…
Weekly Update 261
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online Never a dull moment! Most important stuff this week is talking about next week,…
Weekly Update 260
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online An early one today as I made space in the schedule to get out…
You Don’t Need to Burn off Your Fingertips (and Other Biometric Authentication Myths)
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online 111 years ago almost to the day, a murder was committed which ultimately led…
Welcoming the Czech Republic Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online For the last few years, I've been welcome national governments to Have I Been…
Weekly Update 259
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online I'm back from the most epic of holidays! How epic? Just have a scroll…
Weekly Update 258
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online A really brief intro as this is my last key strokes before going properly…
Weekly Update 257
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online It all feels a bit "business as usual" this week; data breaches, IoT and…
Hello CISO – Brought to You in Collaboration with 1Password
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online Today I'm really excited to announce a big piece of work 1Password and I…
Weekly Update 256
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: 1Password is a secure password manager and digital wallet that keeps you safe online Well this week went on for a bit, an hour and 6 mins in…
Why No HTTPS? The 2021 Version
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. More than 3 years ago now, Scott Helme and I…
Welcoming the Turkish Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. Today I'm very happy to welcome the national Turkish CERT…
Welcoming the Turkish Government to Have I Been Pwned
This article has been indexed from Troy Hunt’s Blog Presently sponsored by: Varonis. Reduce your SaaS blast radius with data-centric security for AWS, G Drive, Box, Salesforce, Slack and more. Today I'm very happy to welcome the national Turkish CERT…